SECONDARY (ENDOCRINE) HYPERTENSION: LECTURE

Cover Page


Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

Hypertension is a  very common disease with high morbidity and reduction in quality of life. Endocrine disorders are the most common cause of secondary hypertension affecting ~3% of the population. Primary aldosteronism can be the cause of endocrine hypertension more often than other endocrine disorders. Other less common causes of endocrine hypertension include Cushing syndrome, pheochromocytoma, thyroid disorders, and hyperparathyroidism. Endocrine hypertension is potentially curable if the underlying cause is identified and treated accordingly. Younger age at manifestation of resistance to multiple antihypertensive drugs, together with other clinical signs of an endocrine disorder, should raise the suspicion and prompt the appropriate evaluation.

About the authors

M. Yu. Yukina

Endocrinology Research Center

Author for correspondence.
Email: endo-yukina@yandex.ru

MD, PhD, Senior Research Fellow, Department of Therapeutic Endocrinology,

11 Dmitriya Ul'yanova ul., Moscow, 117036

Russian Federation

E. A. Troshina

Endocrinology Research Center

Email: fake@neicon.ru

MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Therapeutic Endocrinology,

11 Dmitriya Ul'yanova ul., Moscow, 117036

Russian Federation

D. G. Bel'tsevich

Endocrinology Research Center

Email: fake@neicon.ru

MD, PhD, Professor, Chief Research Fellow, Department of Surgery,

11 Dmitriya Ul'yanova ul., Moscow, 117036

Russian Federation

N. M. Platonova

Endocrinology Research Center

Email: fake@neicon.ru

MD, PhD, Professor, Chief Research Fellow, Department of Therapeutic Endocrinology,

11 Dmitriya Ul'yanova ul., Moscow, 117036

Russian Federation

References

  1. Чазова ИЕ, Ощепкова ЕВ, Рогоза АН, Данилов НМ, Чихладзе НМ, Жернакова ЮВ, Карпов ЮА, Архипов МВ, Барбараш ОЛ, Галявич АС, Гринштейн ЮИ, Ерегин СЯ, Карпов РС, Кисляк ОА, Кобалава ЖД, Конради АО, Кухарчук ВВ, Литвин АЮ, Мартынов АИ, Медведева ИВ и др. Диагностика и лечение артериальной гипертонии. Клинические рекомендации Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации. М.; 2013. 64 с.
  2. James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL, Cushman WC, Dennison-Himmelfarb C, Handler J, Lackland DT, LeFevre ML, MacKenzie TD, Ogedegbe O, Smith SC Jr, Svetkey LP, Taler SJ,
  3. Townsend RR, Wright JT Jr, Narva AS, Ortiz E. 2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults: report from the panel members appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8). JAMA. 2014;311(5):507–20. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.284427.
  4. Arguedas JA, Perez MI, Wright JM. Treatment blood pressure targets for hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(3):CD004349. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004349.pub2.
  5. Rossi GP, Bernini G, Caliumi C, Desideri G, Fabris B, Ferri C, Ganzaroli C, Giacchetti G, Letizia C, Maccario M, Mallamaci F, Mannelli M, Mattarello MJ, Moretti A, Palumbo G, Parenti G, Porteri E, Semplicini A, Rizzoni D, Rossi E, Boscaro M, Pessina AC, Mantero F; PAPY Study Investigators. A prospective study of the prevalence of primary aldosteronism in 1,125 hypertensive patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48(11):2293–300. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2006.07.059.
  6. Koch C, Chrousos G, editors. Endocrine hypertension. Underlying mechanisms and therapy. Contemporary Endocrinology Series. New York: Humana Press; 2013. 317 p. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60761-548-4.
  7. Calhoun DA, Jones D, Textor S, Goff DC, Murphy TP, Toto RD, White A, Cushman WC, White W, Sica D, Ferdinand K, Giles TD, Falkner B, Carey RM. Resistant hypertension: diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research. Hypertension. 2008;51(6):1403–19. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.189141.
  8. Funder JW, Carey RM, Fardella C, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Mantero F, Stowasser M, Young WF Jr, Montori VM; Endocrine Society. Case detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(9):3266–81. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-0104.
  9. Douma S, Petidis K, Doumas M, Papaefthimiou P, Triantafyllou A, Kartali N, Papadopoulos N, Vogiatzis K, Zamboulis C. Prevalence of primary hyperaldosteronism in resistant hypertension: a retrospective observational study. Lancet. 2008;371(9628):1921–6. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60834-X.
  10. Stowasser M. Update in primary aldosteronism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(10):3623–30. doi: 10.1210/jc.2009-1399.
  11. Toniato A, Bernante P, Rossi GP, Pelizzo MR. The role of adrenal venous sampling in the surgical management of primary aldosteronism. World J Surg. 2006;30(4):624–7. doi: 10.1007/s00268-005-0482-2.
  12. Lafferty AR, Torpy DJ, Stowasser M, Taymans SE, Lin JP, Huggard P, Gordon RD, Stratakis CA. A novel genetic locus for low renin hypertension: familial hyperaldosteronism type II maps to chromosome 7 (7p22). J Med Genet. 2000;37(11):831–5. doi: 10.1136/jmg.37.11.831.
  13. Geller DS, Zhang J, Wisgerhof MV, Shackleton C, Kashgarian M, Lifton RP. A novel form of human mendelian hypertension featuring nonglucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(8):3117–23. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-0594.
  14. Giacchetti G, Ronconi V, Lucarelli G, Boscaro M, Mantero F. Analysis of screening and confirmatory tests in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism: need for a standardized protocol. J Hypertens. 2006;24(4):737–45. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000217857.20241.0f.
  15. Young WF. Primary aldosteronism: renaissance of a syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2007;66(5):607–18. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.02775.x.
  16. Kempers MJ, Lenders JW, van Outheusden L, van der Wilt GJ, Schultze Kool LJ, Hermus AR, Deinum J. Systematic review: diagnostic procedures to differentiate unilateral from bilateral adrenal abnormality in primary aldosteronism. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(5):329–37.doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-151-5-200909010-00007.
  17. Letavernier E, Peyrard S, Amar L, Zinzindohoue F, Fiquet B, Plouin PF. Blood pressure outcome of adrenalectomy in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism with or without unilateral adenoma. J Hypertens. 2008; 26(9):1816–23. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e-3283060f0c.
  18. Gomez-Sanchez EP. The mammalian mineralocorticoid receptor: tying down a promiscuous receptor. Exp Physiol. 2010;95(1):13–8. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2008.045914.
  19. Юкина МЮ, Трошина ЕА. Феохромоцитома /параганглиома. Consilium medicum. 2014;16(4):56–63.
  20. Юкина МЮ, Трошина ЕА, Бельцевич ДГ, Тюльпаков АН, Лысенко МА. Феохромоцитома /параганглиома: клинико-генетические аспекты. Проблемы эндокринологии. 2013;59(3):19–26.
  21. Трошина ЕА, Юкина МЮ, Бельцевич ДГ. Симптоматическая артериальная гипертензия при феохромоцитоме (клиническое течение, терапия). Особенности проведения теста с клонидином. Consilium medicum. 2013;15(4):75–9.
  22. Kacem M, Moussa A, Khochtali I, Nabouli R, Morel Y, Zakhama A. Bilateral Adrenalectomy for severe hypertension in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11beta Hydroxylase deficiency: long term follow-up. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2009;70(2):113–8. doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2008.12.005.
  23. Wong SL, Shu SG, Tsai CR. Seventeen alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. J Formos Med Assoc. 2006;105(2):177–81. doi: 10.1016/S0929-6646(09)60342-9.
  24. Palermo M, Quinkler M, Stewart PM. Apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome: an overview. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2004;48(5):687–96. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27302004000500015.
  25. Geller DS, Farhi A, Pinkerton N, Fradley M, Moritz M, Spitzer A, Meinke G, Tsai FT, Sigler PB, Lifton RP. Activating mineralocorticoid receptor mutation in hypertension exacerbated by pregnancy. Science. 2000;289(5476):119–23. doi: 10.1126/science.289.5476.119.
  26. Pacak К, Koch K, Wofford M, Ayala A. Overview of endocrine hypertension. In: De Groot LJ, Beck-Peccoz P, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Koch C, McLachlan R, New M, Rebar R, Singer F, Vinik A, Weickert MO, editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000–2009 Oct 21[update 2009 Oct 21]. Available from: http://www.endotext.org/?s=Overview+of+Endocrine+Hypertension.
  27. Xie J, Craig L, Cobb MH, Huang CL. Role of with-no-lysine [K] kinases in the pathogenesis of Gordon syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 2006;21(9):1231–6. doi: 10.1007/s00467-006-0106-6.
  28. Bogaert Y, Linas S. The role of obesity in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2009;5(2):101–11. doi: 10.1038/ncpneph1022.
  29. Bilezikian JP, Khan AA, Potts JT Jr; Third International Workshop on the Management of Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Guidelines for the management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: summary statement from the third international workshop. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009; 94(2):335–9. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-1763.
  30. Nieman LK, Biller BM, Findling JW, Newell-Price J, Savage MO, Stewart PM, Montori VM. The diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(5):1526–40. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-0125.
  31. Charmandari E, Kino T, Ichijo T, Chrousos GP. Generalized glucocorticoid resistance: clinical aspects, molecular mechanisms, and implications of a rare genetic disorder. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(5):1563–72. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-0040.
  32. Fountoulakis S, Tsatsoulis A. Molecular genetic aspects and pathophysiology of endocrine hypertension. Hormones (Athens). 2006;5(2):90–106.
  33. Kotsis V, Alevizake M, Stabouli S, Pitiriga V, Rizos Z, Sion M, Zakopoulos N. Hypertension and hypothyroidism: results from an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring study. J Hypertens. 2007;25(5):993–9. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e328082e2ff.
  34. Bielohuby M, Roemmler J, Manolopoulou J, Johnsen I, Sawitzky M, Schopohl J, Reincke M, Wolf E, Hoeflich A, Bidlingmaier M. Chronic growth hormone excess is associated with increased aldosterone: a study in patients with acromegaly and in growth hormone transgenic mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2009;234(8):1002–9. doi: 10.3181/0901-RM-34.
  35. Ullah MI, Uwaifo GI, Nicholas WC, Koch CA. Does vitamin D deficiency cause hypertension? Current evidence from clinical studies and potential mechanisms. Int J Endocrinol. 2010;2010:579640. doi: 10.1155/2010/579640.
  36. Heufelder AE, Saad F, Bunck MC, Gooren L. Fifty-two-week treatment with diet and exercise plus transdermal testosterone reverses the metabolic syndrome and improves glycemic control in men with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and subnormal plasma testosterone. J Androl. 2009;30(6):726–33. doi: 10.2164/jandrol.108.007005.
  37. Mekala KC, Tritos NA. Effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in obesity in adults: a metaanalysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(1):130–7. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-1357.
  38. Zhang J, Ge R, Matte-Martone C, Goodwin J, Shlomchik WD, Mamula MJ, Kooshkabadi A, Hardy MP, Geller D. Characterization of a novel gain of function glucocorticoid receptor knockin mouse. J Biol Chem. 2009;284(10):6249–59. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M807997200.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2016 Yukina M.Y., Troshina E.A., Bel'tsevich D.G., Platonova N.M.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies