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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">986</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2019-47-009</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Challenges of the differential diagnosis between the subtypes of the junctional epidermolysis bullosa: presentation of two clinical cases</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Трудности дифференциальной диагностики подтипов пограничного типа буллезного эпидермолиза: описание двух клинических наблюдений</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotalevskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коталевская</surname><given-names>Ю. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Yuliya Yu. Kotalevskaya – </bold>MD, PhD, Geneticist, Head of the Consultative Department, Center for Medical Genetics  </p><p><italic>61/2 Shchepkina ul., Moscow, 129110</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Коталевская Юлия Юрьевна – </bold>кандидат медицинских наук, врач-генетик, заведующая консультативным отделением медико-генетического центра </p><p><italic>129110, г. Москва, ул. Щепкина, 61/2</italic></p></bio><email>kotalevskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Marycheva</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марычева</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Nataliya M. Marycheva – </bold>MD, Dermatovenerologist  </p><p><italic>17 Leninskiy prospekt, Moscow, 119071</italic><italic/></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Марычева Наталья Михайловна – </bold>врач-дерматовенеролог</p><p><italic>119071, г. Москва, Ленинский проспект, 17</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Московский научно-практический Центр дерматологии и косметологии Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-02-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>47</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-02-23"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-02-23"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Kotalevskaya Y.Y., Marycheva N.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Коталевская Ю.Ю., Марычева Н.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kotalevskaya Y.Y., Marycheva N.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коталевская Ю.Ю., Марычева Н.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/986">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/986</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background: </bold>Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare hereditary skin disease. It is subdivided into EB simplex (EBS), junctional EB (JEB), dystrophic EB (DEB) and Kindler syndrome. JEB is diagnosed in 2 per 1,000,000 of the population. There are few descriptions of clinical JEB cases in the literature. Clinical diagnosis of JEB and its subtypes is a challenge, especially in the early age. The paper presents <bold>2 clinical cases of JEB </bold>in patients of the West Slavonic origin. <italic>Clinical case No. 1 </italic>was a girl of Ukrainian ethnicity, with confirmed definitive diagnosis of severe generalized JEB. Molecular genetic tests identified mutations of the <italic>LAMA3 </italic>gene that had not been described previously. The patient died at the age of 24 months from acute respiratory failure. When the patient was alive, her EB type and subtype was not possible to identify, because she had a combination of clinical manifestations typical for various JEB subtypes. Despite such symptoms as hoarse voice, stenoses, granulation tissue of typical location, laryngeal granulations, the girl was steadily gaining weight, with some periods of relative stabilization of the skin disease; she also had longer life longevity than was common for patients with severe generalized JEB. All this made a precise diagnosis difficult. <italic>Clinical case No. 2: </italic>an ethnic Russian boy with non-classified JEB. Molecular genetic testing helped to identify a homozygote mutation in the <italic>LAMA3 </italic>gene that had not been previously described; reliable determination of the subtype was not possible. The patient had mixed clinical manifestation similar both to generalized severe JEB and to laryngo-onycho-cutaneous (LOC) syndrome. During his lifetime, the patient was clinically diagnosed with Hallopeau acrodermatitis and LOC syndrome. The differential diagnostic problems were associated with the presence of signs not typical for each of the subtypes. Significant life longevity of the proband is not characteristic for severe generalized JEB (at the time of the publication the patient is 13 years old), whereas for LOC syndrome the absence of eye involvement is not typical, as well as severe laryngeal involvement at adolescence.</p><p><bold>Conclusion: </bold>Detailed descriptions of phenotype of JEB subtypes including rare and minimal clinical signs can be useful to study the clinical manifestations and natural course of the disease, including its differential diagnosis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Буллезный эпидермолиз (БЭ) – редко встречающееся наследственное заболевание кожи. Выделяют простой тип, пограничный (ПоБЭ), дистрофический и синдром Киндлера. ПоБЭ встречается с частотой 2 случая на 1 млн населения. В литературе мало описаний клинических наблюдений ПоБЭ. Вместе с тем клиническая диагностика как самого типа ПоБЭ, так и его подтипов – сложная задача, особенно в раннем возрасте. В статье приводится <bold>описание 2 клинических случаев ПоБЭ </bold>у пациентов восточнославянского происхождения. <italic>Клиническое наблюдение 1. </italic>Девочка, этнически украинка, с установленным окончательным диагнозом «ПоБЭ, тяжелый генерализованный подтип». При молекулярно-генетическом исследовании выявлены ранее не описанные в литературе мутации в гене <italic>LAMA3</italic>. Умерла в возрасте 24 месяцев от острой дыхательной недостаточности. В течение жизни ребенку не могли идентифицировать тип и подтип БЭ, так как имелось сочетание клинических проявлений, патогномоничных для разных подтипов ПоБЭ. Несмотря на наличие таких признаков, как осипший голос, стенозы, образование грануляционной ткани типичной локализации, образование грануляций в гортани, девочка имела стабильную прибавку в весе, отмечались периоды относительной стабилизации кожного процесса в течение заболевания, пациентка была старше средней продолжительности жизни, обычной для пациентов с тяжелым генерализованным подтипом ПоБЭ, – все это вызывало затруднения в определении точного диагноза. <italic>Клиническое наблюдение 2. </italic>Мальчик, этнически русский, диагноз «ПоБЭ, неклассифицированный подтип». При молекулярно-генетическом исследовании выявлена ранее не описанная в литературе гомозиготная мутация в гене <italic>LAMA3</italic>, достоверно определить подтип не представляется возможным. Пациент имеет смешанную клиническую картину, схожую как с тяжелым генерализованным подтипом ПоБЭ, так и с ларинго-онихо-кутанным (ЛОК) синдромом. В течение жизни пациенту были установлены клинические диагнозы акродерматита Аллопо и ЛОК синдрома. Трудности в дифференциальном диагнозе основаны на присутствии в клинической картине признаков, не типичных для каждого из подтипов. Для тяжелого генерализованного подтипа ПоБэ нехарактерна значительная продолжительность жизни пробанда (на момент публикации статьи возраст пациента – 13 лет), а для ЛОК синдрома нехарактерно отсутствие вовлечения в патологический процесс органа зрения, а также тяжелый патологический процесс в гортани в подростковом возрасте.</p><p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Детальные описания фенотипических признаков подтипов БЭ, включая данные о редких и минимально выраженных клинических проявлениях, могут быть полезны для изучения клинической картины и естественного течения заболевания, в том числе с целью дифференциальной диагностики.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>junctional epidermolysis bullosa</kwd><kwd>severe generalized junctional epidermolysis bullosa</kwd><kwd>epidermolysis bullosa</kwd><kwd>laryngo-onycho-cutaneous syndrome</kwd><kwd>LAMA3 gene</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пограничный буллезный эпидермолиз</kwd><kwd>пограничный буллезный эпидермолиз тяжелый генерализованный</kwd><kwd>буллезный эпидермолиз</kwd><kwd>ларинго-онихо-кутанный синдром</kwd><kwd>ген LAMA3</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. 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