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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">84</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2015-41-97-102</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">PULMONARY EMBOLISM: SOME ISSUES OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND TREATMENT IN CANCER PATIENTS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ТРОМБОЭМБОЛИЯ ЛЕГОЧНОЙ АРТЕРИИ: НЕКОТОРЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ У ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПАЦИЕНТОВ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozanov</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розанов</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rozanov Ivan Dmitrievich – Doctor, Department of Radiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Розанов Иван Дмитриевич – врач радиологического отделения</p></bio><email>andreybalkanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semashkova</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семашкова</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Semashkova Anna Evgen'evna – Junior Research Fellow, Internal Disease Department No. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семашкова Анна Евгеньевна – младший научный сотрудник, терапевтическое отделение № 1</p></bio><email>andreybalkanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balkanov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балканов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Balkanov Andrey Sergeevich – MD, PhD, Head of Department of Radiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балканов Андрей Сергеевич – доктор медицинских наук, заведующий радиологическим отделением</p></bio><email>andreybalkanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Terpigorev</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терпигорев</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Terpigorev Stanislav Anatol'evich – MD, PhD, Head of Department of Occupational Diseases and Medi cal and Labour Expertise</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Терпигорев Станислав Анатольевич – доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделением профпатологии и врачебно-трудовой экспертизы</p></bio><email>andreybalkanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stepanova Elena Aleksandrovna – PhD, Roentgenologist, Department of X-ray Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Assistant Lecturer, Chair of Diagnostic Radiology, Postgraduate Training Faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Степанова Елена Александровна –  кандидат медицинских наук, врач- рентгенолог отделения рентгеновской компьютерной и магнитно-резонансной томографии, ассистент кафедры лучевой диагностики факультета усовершенствования врачей</p></bio><email>andreybalkanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт имени М.Ф. Владимирского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><issue>41</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-02-12"><day>12</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-02-12"><day>12</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Rozanov I.D., Semashkova A.E., Balkanov A.S., Terpigorev S.A., Stepanova E.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Розанов И.Д., Семашкова А.Е., Балканов А.С., Терпигорев С.А., Степанова Е.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rozanov I.D., Semashkova A.E., Balkanov A.S., Terpigorev S.A., Stepanova E.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Розанов И.Д., Семашкова А.Е., Балканов А.С., Терпигорев С.А., Степанова Е.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/84">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/84</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The risk of pulmonary embolism (PE) in cancer patients  is 4–7-fold, compared to other  patient  categories. PE is the  second  most frequent  cause of death  in the first year after cancer diagnosis. PE is diagnosed in 7.5% of patients with malignant brain tumors, in 1 to 25% of those  with gastrointestinal tumors, in 4.5 to 17.5% of those with breast cancer and in 4 to 10% of lung cancer patients. The risk of PE is higher with surgical interventions and chemotherapy, as well as in metastatic tumors. In 13% of cases, PE may be the first symptom of cancer manifestation. For prevention and treatment of PE low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and warfarin are   used. The risk of recurrent  PE is 2-fold lower with LMWH. The frequency of bleeding with LMWH and warfarin treatment is from 14 to 19%. Placement of a cava filter is indicated  only if anticoagulation is inefficient.  New oral anticoagulants,  which act as selective thrombin  or Factor Xa inhibitors, are not used in cancer patients. Thus, diagnostics and treatment of PE is a very urgent  problem in oncology that requires new approaches to be looked for.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>У онкологических больных риск развития тромбоэмболии  легочной артерии  (ТЭЛА) в 4–7 раз превышает таковой у пациентов других категорий. ТЭЛА – вторая по частоте причина смерти в первый год после установления  диагноза рака. У пациентов  со злокачественными опухолями головного  мозга ТЭЛА развивается в 7,5% случаев, при раке желудочно-кишечного тракта – от 1 до 25%, при раке  молочной  железы – от 4,5 до 17,5%, при раке  легких – от 4 до 10%. Риск ТЭЛА увеличивается при проведении оперативных вмешательств, химиотерапии, а также в случае  генерализации опухолевого   процесса. В 13% случаев ТЭЛА может выступать первым клиническим проявлением манифестировавшего онкологического заболевания. Для профилактики и лечения ТЭЛА используют низкомолекулярный  гепарин или варфарин. Применение низкомолекулярного гепарина вдвое уменьшает вероятность повторной эмболии.  На фоне  терапии  низкомолекулярным гепарином  или варфарином в 14–19% случаев развиваются  кровотечения.  Использование кава-фильтра показано только в случае неэффективности     антикоагулянтной     терапии. У   онкологических   пациентов   не  применяют   так называемые  новые  пероральные антикоагулянты – селективные  ингибиторы  тромбина или фактора свертывания  крови Xa. Таким  образом, в современной онкологии  диагностика и лечение  ТЭЛА  представляется   весьма  актуальной проблемой,  обусловливающей  необходимость поиска новых подходов к ее решению.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pulmonary embolism</kwd><kwd>cancer patient</kwd><kwd>low molecular weight heparin</kwd><kwd>warfarin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тромбоэмболия легочной артерии</kwd><kwd>онкологический пациент</kwd><kwd>низкомолекулярный гепарин</kwd><kwd>варфарин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Sciacca FL, Ciusani E, Silvani A, Corsini E, Frigerio S, Pogliani S, Parati E, Croci D, Boiardi A, Salmaggi A. Genetic and plasma markers of venous thromboembolism in patients with high grade glioma. Clin Cancer Res. 2004;10(4):1312–7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>2. Vlenterie M, Desar IM, van Herpen CM, Tol J. 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