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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">673</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2017-45-8-665-673</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Modern approaches to the management of recurrent urinary tract infections in women</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные подходы к ведению рецидивирующих инфекций мочевыводящих путей у женщин</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rebrov</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ребров</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Head of the Chair of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой внутренней медицины факультета последипломного образования</p></bio><email>fpdo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lugansk State Medical University St. Luke</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Луганский государственный медицинский университет имени Святителя&#13;
Луки</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>45</volume><issue>8</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>665</fpage><lpage>673</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-02-01"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2018-02-01"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Rebrov B.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Ребров Б.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rebrov B.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ребров Б.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/673">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/673</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the recent years, relapses of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract (UTI) have become more common. Doctors in many specialties face the problem of recurrent UTIs. The effectiveness of antibiotics is worsening, while antibiotic resistance is increasing. This review article deals with prevention and treatment of patients with recurrent UTIs. Risk factors for recurrent UTIs are reviewed separately for women in their pre- and post-menopausal age. Based on the literature and our own experience, we discuss therapeutic and preventive measures for these disorders. Today, preventive measures for recurrent UTIs involve not only lifestyle modification, herbal treatments and improvement of immune response, but also vaginal estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women, immune prophylaxis, normalization of urinary output, water-induced diuresis, urine acidification, vaginal application of the lactobacilli, long-term low-dose and/or postcoital drug prophylaxis in various combinations. It is emphasized, that current guidelines on the prevention of recurrent UTIs are primarily focused on non-antibiotic measures. However, the necessary prerequisite or initiation of any prevention regimen is a negative urine culture after the eradication of the pathogen. A list of the most common herbal preparations is included into the review. Immunoactive prophylaxis and stimulation of an individual immune response is considered to be a  new strategy in the management of patients with recurrent UTIs. Characteristics of antibacterials are given from the evidence-based perspective. Individual and sexual hygiene are both important conditions for the successful prevention of UTI relapses and successful treatment of recurrent UTIs.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рецидивы инфекционно-воспалительных заболеваний мочевыводящих путей (ИМП) в последние годы встречаются все чаще. С  проблемой рецидивирующих ИМП сталкиваются врачи многих специальностей. Эффективность антибиотических препаратов ухудшается, нарастает антибиотикорезистентность. Настоящая обзорная статья посвящена профилактике ИМП и лечению больных с рецидивирующими ИМП. Рассмотрены факторы риска рецидивирующих ИМП у женщин при разделении на пре- и постменопаузальные группы. С  учетом данных литературы и  собственного опыта обсуждаются лечебные и  профилактические мероприятия при указанных состояниях. Сегодня профилактические мероприятия при рецидивирующих ИМП затрагивают не только модификацию образа жизни, фитотерапию и повышение иммунной реактивности организма, но и вагинальную заместительную эстрогенную терапию у  постменопаузальных женщин, иммунопрофилактику, нормализацию мочевыделения, водный диурез, ацидификацию мочи, вагинальные аппликации лактобактерий, длительную низкодозовую и/или посткоитальную медикаментозную профилактику в  различных комбинациях. Подчеркивается, что современные рекомендации по предупреждению рецидивирующих ИМП в  первую очередь ориентируются на мероприятия без использования антибиотиков. Однако обязательным условием для инициации режима профилактики является получение отрицательной уринокультуры после эрадикации патогена. Приводится перечень наиболее распространенных фитопрепаратов. Рассматривается вопрос об иммунопрофилактике и стимуляции специфического иммунного ответа, что считается новой стратегией в ведении больных с рецидивирующими ИМП. С точки зрения доказательной медицины характеризуются антибактериальные лекарственные средства. Личная гигиена и  гигиена половой жизни  – важное условие эффективной профилактики рецидивов ИМП и  успешного лечения рецидивирующих ИМП.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>recurrent urinary tract infections</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>prophylaxis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рецидивирующие инфекции мочевыводящих путей</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Naber KG, Bergman B, Bishop MC, Bjerklund-Johansen TE, Botto H, Lobel B, Jinenez Cruz F, Selvaggi FP; Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Working Group of the Health Care Office (HCO) of the European Association of Urology (EAU). EAU guidelines for the management of urinary and male genital tract infections. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Working Group of the Health Care Office (HCO) of the European Association of Urology (EAU). 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