Almanac of Clinical MedicineAlmanac of Clinical MedicineАльманах клинической медицины2072-05052587-9294Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)5710.18786/2072-0505-2015-1-13-23THE PROBLEM OF OBESITYПРОБЛЕМЫ ОЖИРЕНИЯPSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ANOREXIA NERVOSAПСИХОПАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ НЕРВНОЙ АНОРЕКСИИBobrovA. E.БобровА. Е.
Russian Federation

Bobrov Alexey E. – MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Consultative and Telemedical Psychiatry

* 3 Poteshnaya ul., Moscow, 107076, Russian Federation.  Tel.: +7 (495) 963 76 84.  E-mail: bobrov2004@yandex.ru

Бобров Алексей Евгеньевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий отделом консультативной и дистанционной психиатрии

* 107076, г. Москва, ул. Потешная, 3/10, Российская Федерация. Тел.: +7 (495) 963 76 84. E-mail: bobrov2004@yandex.ru

bobrov2004@yandex.ruMoscow Research Institute of Psychiatry – Affiliate of Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and NarcologyМосковский научно-исследовательский институт психиатрии – филиал Федерального медицинского исследовательского центра психиатрии и наркологии Минздрава России2012201511Supplement 1Спецвыпуск 113231202201612022016Copyright ©; 2015, Bobrov A.E.Copyright ©; 2015, Бобров А.Е.2015Bobrov A.E.Бобров А.Е.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/57

Prevalence of anorexia nervosa among women is 0,5%, whereas mortality related to this disorder amounts to 5–17%. Psychopathological structure of anorexia nervosa implies abnormalities of behavior as well as those of motivation and volition, thinking, perception and appreciation. In addition, mental abnormalities typical for this disorder are evident in regulation of emotions, specific personality traits and self-consciousness. The key psychopathological feature of patients with anorexia nervosa is a lack of cognitive and personal differentiation that calls forth impairments of self-concept and self-image. Anorexia nervosa should be differentiated from depression and schizophrenic spectrum disorders. Its etiology and pathogenesis are related both to hereditary and psychosocial factors. Of great importance are psychoendocrine abnormalities, however their role is still insufficiently elucidated.

Распространенность нервной анорексии среди женщин составляет 0,5%, а  смертность от этого расстройства достигает 5–17%. Психопатологическая структура нервной анорексии определяется нарушениями поведения, а также патологией потребностно-волевой сферы, мышления и  восприятия. Кроме того, психические нарушения при этом заболевании проявляются в  сфере эмоциональной регуляции, в  личностных особенностях и  самосознании. Ключевой психопатологической характеристикой больных нервной анорексией служит недостаточная когнитивно-личностная дифференциация, которая обусловливает нарушения самосознания и образа «Я». Нервная анорексия должна дифференцироваться с  депрессией и  расстройствами шизофренического спектра. Ее этиопатогенез сопряжен как с наследственными, так и с психосоциальными факторами. Большое значение имеют психоэндокринные нарушения, однако их роль остается мало изученной.

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