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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">51</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2014-31-11-16</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">INCREASE OF DRUG RESISTANCE OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA CELLS IN MULTICELLULAR AGGREGATES IN VITRO</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ КЛЕТОК ОСТРОГО МИЕЛОБЛАСТНОГО ЛЕЙКОЗА В МНОГОКЛЕТОЧНЫХ АГРЕГАТАХ IN VITRO</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golenkov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голенков</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutskaya</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луцкая</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belousov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоусов</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fadeev</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фадеев</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovieva</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Senotov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сенотов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akatov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акатов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт &#13;
им. М.Ф. Владимирского» (МОНИКИ)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Институт теоретической и экспериментальной биофизики» Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saratov Medical Centre of the FMBA of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУЗ «Саратовский медицинский центр Федерального медико-биологического агентства»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>31</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-02-12"><day>12</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-02-12"><day>12</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Zakharov S.G., Golenkov A.K., Mitina T.A., Lutskaya T.D., Belousov K.A., Fadeev R.S., Solovieva M.E., Senotov A.S., Akatov V.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, Захаров С.Г., Голенков А.К., Митина Т.А., Луцкая Т.Д., Белоусов К.А., Фадеев Р.С., Соловьева М.Е., Сенотов А.С., Акатов В.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharov S.G., Golenkov A.K., Mitina T.A., Lutskaya T.D., Belousov K.A., Fadeev R.S., Solovieva M.E., Senotov A.S., Akatov V.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захаров С.Г., Голенков А.К., Митина Т.А., Луцкая Т.Д., Белоусов К.А., Фадеев Р.С., Соловьева М.Е., Сенотов А.С., Акатов В.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/51">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/51</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: Therapeutic efficiency in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ranges from 20 to 45%. One of the causes of the latter is a drug resistance acquired by leukemic cells under the influence of treatment with antitumor medicines. More important cause is a development of the primary resistance of myeloid leukemic cells to induction of cellular death associated with elemental microenvironment within the bone marrow. Studying primary resistance is very important, and first of all, to prevent development of drug resistance of leukemic cells and, correspondingly, to increase the efficiency of medicamental therapy. Aim: To study the mechanisms of primary resistance of AML cells to induction of cellular death. Materials and methods: Human AML cells of THP-1 line and mononuclear cells of the bone marrow were used in the study of patients with diagnosed AML. Multicellular aggregates were formed during cell cultivating on the 1.5% agarose. To cut off intercellular adhesion, the cells were cultivated in the medium with methylcellulose (0.9%). The viability of the cells was assessed by reduction of Alamar Blue indicator. Results: Within multicellular aggregates, about 75±5% of THP-1 cells were resistant to the activity of recombinant protein izTRAIL, 70±5% – to etoposide, and 40±7% – to sorafenib. Cutting off intercellular contacts decreased the resistance to them. Within multicellular aggregates of primary mononuclear cells, 45±5% of cells were resistant to sorafenib, 57±4% – to etoposide, and all cells were resistant to izTRAIL. Cutting off intracellular adhesion reduced the resistance to sorafenib and etoposide but not to izTRAIL. Conclusion: In multicellular aggregates, AML cells of THP-1 line and mononuclear cells of the bone marrow showed increased resistance to activity of recombinant protein izTRAIL, etoposide, and sorafenib. Diminishing intracellular adhesion in the medium including methylcellulose decreases cellular resistance to cytotoxic agents.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность. Эффективность терапии острого миелобластного лейкоза (ОМЛ) колеблется от 20 до 45%. Одна из причин этого – приобретенная лекарственная устойчивость лейкозных клеток, возникающая при применении противоопухолевых препаратов. Более важной причиной является возникновение первичной устойчивости клеток миелобластного лейкоза к индукции клеточной гибели, связанной с элементами микроокружения клеток в костном мозге. Изучение первичной устойчивости важно прежде всего для предотвращения приобретения лекарственной устойчивости лейкозных клеток и, соответственно, повышения эффективности медикаментозной терапии.  Цель – изучение механизмов первичной устойчивости клеток ОМЛ к индукции клеточной гибели.  Материал и методы. Использовали клетки ОМЛ человека THP-1 и мононуклеарные клетки костного мозга больных с диагностированным ОМЛ. Многоклеточные агрегаты формировали путем культивирования клеток на 1,5% агарозе. Для разобщения межклеточных контактов клетки культивировали на среде, содержащей 0,9% метилцеллюлозы. Жизнеспособность клеток оценивали по восстановлению индикатора Alamar Blue.  Основные результаты. В многоклеточных агрегатах 75±5% клеток THP-1 оказались устойчивы к действию рекомбинантного белка izTRAIL, 70±5% – этопозида и 40±7% – сорафениба. Разобщение межклеточных контактов подавляло устойчивость к их действию. В многоклеточных агрегатах первичных мононуклеарных клеток 45±5% клеток были устойчивы к действию сорафениба, 57±4% – этопозида. К действию izTRAIL были устойчивы все клетки. Разобщение межклеточных контактов подавляло устойчивость к действию сорафениба и этопозида, но не izTRAIL.  Заключение. В многоклеточных агрегатах у клеток ОМЛ THP-1 и мононуклеарных клеток костного мозга происходит повышение устойчивости к действию рекомбинантного белка izTRAIL, этопозида, сорафениба. Разобщение межклеточной адгезии в среде с метилцеллюлозой подавляет устойчивость клеток к действию цитотоксических агентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute myeloid leukemia</kwd><kwd>drug resistance in vitro</kwd><kwd>multicellular aggregates</kwd><kwd>intercellular adhesion</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый миелобластный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>лекарственная устойчивость in vitro</kwd><kwd>многоклеточные агрегаты</kwd><kwd>межклеточная адгезия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.Hoffman R., Furie B., McGlave P., Silberstein L., Shattil S. Hematology: basic principles and practice. 4th ed. New York: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2005.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>2.Marcucci G., Haferlach T., Döhner H. Molecular genetics of adult acute myeloid leukemia: prognostic and therapeutic implications. 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