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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">273</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2015-38-95-104</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">HYPERTROPHIC OBSTRUCTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ГИПЕРТРОФИЧЕСКАЯ ОБСТРУКТИВНАЯ КАРДИОМИОПАТИЯ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osiev</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осиев</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Cardiovascular Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, руководитель отделения хирургии сердца и сосудов</p></bio><email>osiev_ag@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Naydenov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Найденов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor, Specialist in Radioendovascular Diagnostics and Treatment of the Center for Interventional Cardiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач по рентгенэндоваскулярной диагностике и лечению центра интервенционной кардиологии</p></bio><email>najden@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kretov</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кретов</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Leading Research Fellow, a Doctor Specialist in Radioendovascular Diagnostics and Treatment of the Center for Interventional Cardiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, вед. науч. сотр., врач по рентгенэндоваскулярным диагностике и лечению центра интервенционной кардиологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Obedinskaya</surname><given-names>N. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обединская</surname><given-names>Н. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor, Department of X-ray and Computer Tomography</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач отделения рентгеновской компьютерной томографии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbatov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбатов</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of Department of X-ray and Computer Tomography</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, заведующий отделением рентгеновской компьютерной томографии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk Scientific Research Institute of Blood Circulation Pathology named after E.N. Meshalkin</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Новосибирский научно-исследовательский институт патологии кровообращения имени академика Е.Н. Мешалкина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><issue>38</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-02-22"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-02-22"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Osiev A.G., Naydenov R.A., Kretov E.I., Obedinskaya N.R., Kurbatov V.P.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Осиев А.Г., Найденов Р.А., Кретов Е.И., Обединская Н.Р., Курбатов В.П.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Osiev A.G., Naydenov R.A., Kretov E.I., Obedinskaya N.R., Kurbatov V.P.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Осиев А.Г., Найденов Р.А., Кретов Е.И., Обединская Н.Р., Курбатов В.П.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/273">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/273</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) is a relatively common disease with genetic predisposition, that is widely spread irrespective of gender, race or ethnicity. The cause of this pathology are mutations of genes encoding synthesis of contracting proteins. Degree and type of mutations define clinical manifestation of the disease and its prognosis. HCMP is classified according to four main criteria: depending on morphology, presence of left ventricular outlet obstruction, pressure gradient and hemodynamic parameters. Its prevalence amounts to 1:500, and in the recent years mortality has decreased significantly to 1%. Main symptoms of HCMP include dyspnoea, dizziness, syncope, angina, and heart arrhythmias. HCMP does not manifest obligatorily with all above mentioned signs and symptoms. Presence and severity of any symptoms depend on morphological particulars of the disease. Particular attention should be paid to arrhythmias, with atrial fibrillation among them, that may cause hazardous and occasionally lethal complications. Electrocardiography and echocardiography are recognized as the “golden standard” of HCMP diagnostics, while in the recent years, magnetic resonance imaging has become a highly informative diagnostic tool. Radionuclide diagnostics is used less frequently, while physical examination and assessments have been moving backwards. At present, main strategies in HCMP include medical treatment with β-blockers, calcium antagonists, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and anti-arrhythmics. There are two techniques for surgical treatment, i.e. myectomy by Morrow and alcohol septal ablation that is becoming increasingly popular. The article reviews literature on state-of-the-art diagnostics and treatment of HCMP patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Гипертрофическая кардиомиопатия (ГКМП) – относительно распространенное генетически обусловленное заболевание, встречающееся повсеместно независимо от пола, расы или этнической группы. Причиной патологии являются мутации генов, кодирующих синтез сократительных белков. От степени и вида мутации зависят клинические проявления заболевания и прогноз. Классификация ГКМП проводится по четырем основным критериям: в зависимости от морфологии, наличия обструкции выходного отдела левого желудочка, градиента давления и гемодинамических параметров. Распространенность заболевания составляет 1:500, летальность за последние годы значительно снизилась и составляет 1%. К основным симптомам ГКМП относят одышку, головокружения, синкопальные состояния, стенокардитические боли, нарушения ритма сердца. Проявление ГКМП не обязательно должно сопровождаться всеми перечисленными признаками, интенсивность и наличие того или иного симптома зависят от морфологических особенностей заболевания. Следует заострить внимание на аритмиях, в частности фибрилляции предсердий, которая может послужить причиной грозных, подчас летальных осложнений. «Золотым стандартом» диагностики ГКМП признаны электрокардиография и эхокардиография; в последние годы магнитно-резонансная томография зарекомендовала себя как высокоинформативный метод диагностики. Реже используются радионуклеидные методы диагностики. Физикальные методы обследования  все больше отходят на второй план. Основными методами лечения ГКМП на данный момент являются медикаментозная терапия, включающая β-адреноблокаторы, блокаторы кальциевых каналов, ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента, антиаритмические препараты. Существуют два основных метода хирургического лечения: миэктомия по Морроу и спиртовая редукция миокарда, приобретающая все бoльшую популярность. Данная статья представляет собой обзор данных литературы, обобщающий современные представления о подходах к диагностике и лечению пациентов с ГКМП.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</kwd><kwd>sudden cardiac death</kwd><kwd>myectomy</kwd><kwd>catheter septal ablation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипертрофическая кардиомиопатия</kwd><kwd>внезапная сердечная смерть</kwd><kwd>миэктомия</kwd><kwd>транскатетерная септальная аблация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Караськов АМ, Осиев АГ. Гипертрофическая кардиомиопатия с обструкцией выходного отдела левого желудочка. Новосибирск: Дизайн науки; 2012. 187 с. Karas'kov AM, Osiev AG. Gipertroficheskaya kardiomiopatiya s obstruktsiey vykhodnogo otdela levogo zheludochka [Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular outlet obstruction]. Novosibirsk: Dizayn nauki; 2012. 187 p. 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