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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">238</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2015-36-87-100</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">DEPRIVATION AND STRABISMIC AMBLYOPIA: ABNORMALITIES IN GENICULOCORTICAL VISUAL PATHWAYS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ДЕПРИВАЦИОННАЯ И ДИСБИНОКУЛЯРНАЯ АМБЛИОПИЯ: НАРУШЕНИЯ В ГЕНИКУЛОКОРКОВЫХ ЗРИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПУТЯХ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеенко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Leading Research Associate, Vision Physiology Laboratory</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. лаборатории физиологии зрения</p></bio><email>binocularity@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkorbatova</surname><given-names>P. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкорбатова</surname><given-names>П. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Research Associate, Neuromorphology Laboratory1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, науч. сотр. лаборатории нейроморфологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pavlov Institute of Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова» РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><issue>36</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-02-21"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-02-21"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Alekseenko S.V., Shkorbatova P.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Алексеенко С.В., Шкорбатова П.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alekseenko S.V., Shkorbatova P.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алексеенко С.В., Шкорбатова П.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/238">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/238</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background: </bold>There are inconsistent data on the changes of functional performance in subcortical structures of visual system caused by early binocular vision impairment.</p><p> </p><p><bold>Aim: </bold>To study neuronal functional activity of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd) in monocularly deprived cats and strabismic cats.</p><p> </p><p><bold>Materials and methods: </bold>4 cats with monocular convergent strabismus, 7 cats with monocular divergent strabismus, 3 monocularly deprived cats and 4 intact cats were studied. Histochemical method was used to detect cytochrome oxidase – the mitochondrial enzyme of respiratory chain correlating with neuronal functional activity. Optical density in ocular-specific layers A and A1 was measured on the images of stained LGNd sections, and the contrast was calculated.</p><p> </p><p><bold>Results: </bold>Relative reduction of functional activity in the layers innervated from deprived and squinted eyes was demonstrated in LGNd bilaterally. In strabismic animals, the changes were observed only in the projection of the central part of the visual field, whereas in monocularly deprived animals the changes were in the projection of the whole visual field.</p><p> </p><p><bold>Conclusion: </bold>These findings indicate differences between the mechanisms determining the development of strabismic and deprivation amblyopia. Thus, in amblyopia, preservation of peripheral stereoscopic vision is possible.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность. </bold>Имеются противоречивые сведения об изменениях функциональной активности в подкорковых структурах зрительной системы при нарушениях раннего бинокулярного опыта. </p><p><bold>Цель </bold>– оценить функциональные изменения в дорсальном ядре наружного коленчатого тела у кошек с экспериментально вызванным косоглазием, а также монокулярно депривированных кошек. </p><p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>В эксперименте использованы 4 кошки с односторонним сходящимся косоглазием, 7 кошек с односторонним расходящимся косоглазием, 3 монокулярно депривированные и 4 интактные кошки. Применялся гистохимический метод выявления цитохромоксидазы – митохондриального фермента дыхательной цепи, уровень активности которого коррелирует с функциональной активностью клеток. На изображениях окрашенных срезов дорсального ядра измеряли оптическуюплотность в глазоспецифичных слоях А и А1 и вычисляли контраст между ними. </p><p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В дорсальном ядре наружного коленчатого тела обоих полушарий обнаружено относительное снижение функциональнойактивности в слоях, иннервируемых из депривированного и косящего глаза. При косоглазии такие изменения наблюдались только в проекции центральной части поля зрения, при монокулярной депривации – в проекции всего поля зрения. </p><p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Развитие дисбинокулярной и депривационной амблиопии обусловлено различными механизмами. Полученные данные указывают на возможность сохранения стереозрения в периферических участках пространства при косоглазии. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>strabismus</kwd><kwd>monocular deprivation</kwd><kwd>lateral geniculate body</kwd><kwd>cytochrome oxidase</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>косоглазие</kwd><kwd>монокулярная депривация</kwd><kwd>наружное коленчатое тело</kwd><kwd>цитохромоксидаза</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Derrington AM, Hawken MJ. Spatial and temporal properties of cat geniculate neurons after prolonged deprivation. J Physiol. 1981;314:107–20.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>2. Blakemore C, Vital-Durand F. Effects of visual deprivation on the development of the monkey’s lateral geniculate nucleus. 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