Almanac of Clinical MedicineAlmanac of Clinical Medicine2072-05052587-9294Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)2110.18786/2072-0505-2015-42-58-65THE CAUSES AND THE COURSE OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AGEAbaseevaT. Yu.Abaseeva Tat'yana Yu. – PhD, Senior Research Fellow, Department of Pediatric Dialysis and Hemocorrectiontatiana2103@inbox.ruPankratenkoT. E.Pankratenko Tat'yana E. – PhD, Head of Department of Pediatric Dialysis and Hemocorrectiontatiana2103@inbox.ruBurovA. A.Burov Aleksandr A. – Research Fellow, Department of Pediatric Dialysis and Hemocorrectiontatiana2103@inbox.ruEmirovaKh. M.Emirova Khadizha M. – PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Pediatricstatiana2103@inbox.ruMuzurovA. L.Muzurov Aleksandr L. – PhD, Assistant Professor, Chair of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Toxicologytatiana2103@inbox.ruMoscow Regional Research and Clinical InstituteMoscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. EvdokimovRussian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow151120154258651102201611022016Copyright © 2015, Abaseeva T.Y., Pankratenko T.E., Burov A.A., Emirova K.M., Muzurov A.L.2015Background: Data on etiology and clinical course of CKD stage 3 to 5 in children of preschool age could help obstetricians, pediatricians, and nephrologists with proper diagnostics and management of this condition and prediction of outcomes. Aim: To study causes and clinical features of CKD stage 3 to 5 in preschool children. Materials and methods: The causes and clinical features of CKD stage 3 to 5 were investigated in 55 preschool children aged from 7 months to 8 years. Twenty four had CKD stage 3 to 4 and 31 children with endstage CKD were on peritoneal dialysis. Results:96% of CKD stage 3 to 5 in preschool children were due to congenital/genetic kidney abnormalities. Predictors of renal replacement therapy beginning in the first 5 years of life were as follows: antenatal detection of congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract, oligohydroamnion, high neonatal BUN levels. Anemia, hyperparathyroidism, arterial hypertension were more prevalent in children on the dialysis stage of CKD, and myocardial hypertrophy and/or of the left ventricle dilatation were found in 26% of them. Forty two percent of children had growth retardation, and 40% had delayed speech development. Conclusion: The course CKD in preschool children is characterized by a combination of typical metabolic disorders with the growth retardation (often dramatic) and delayed mental development that significantly limits the possibilities of the social adaptation of these children and social activities of their parents. 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