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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1770</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2022-50-053</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prospects for the treatment of gluten-associated diseases: on our daily bread, celiac disease, gluten proteins and more…</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Перспективы лечения глютен-ассоциированных заболеваний: о хлебе насущном, целиакии, белках глютена и не только…</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6151-2021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakulin</surname><given-names>Igor G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакулин</surname><given-names>Игорь Геннадьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Head of the Chair of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietetics named after S.M. Ryss</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p></bio><email>igbakulin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6011-0998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Avalueva</surname><given-names>Elena B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авалуева</surname><given-names>Елена Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor; Professor, Chair of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietetics named after S.M. Ryss</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p></bio><email>avalueva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7606-2556</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Елена Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietetics named after S.M. Ryss</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p></bio><email>kynardy@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2726-9996</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Оrеshkо</surname><given-names>Ludmila S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орешко</surname><given-names>Людмила Саварбековна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Chair of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietetics named after S.M. Ryss</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p></bio><email>oreshkol@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9600-3131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Serkova</surname><given-names>Margarita Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серкова</surname><given-names>Маргарита Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Chair of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietetics named after S.M. Ryss</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассистент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса</p></bio><email>serkova.margarita@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-0963</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitkin</surname><given-names>Stanislav I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситкин</surname><given-names>Станислав Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Gastroenterology and Dietetics named after S.M. Ryss; Head of Epigenetics &amp; Metagenomics Research Group, Institute of Perinatology and Pediatrics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, гастроэнтерологии и диетологии им. С.М. Рысса, заведующий Научно-исследовательской группой эпигенетики и метагеномики в перинатологии и педиатрии Института перинатологии и педиатрии</p></bio><email>drsitkin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-12-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>50</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>367</fpage><lpage>376</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-08"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-21"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Bakulin I.G., Avalueva E.B., Semenova E.A., Оrеshkо L.S., Serkova M.Y., Sitkin S.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Бакулин И.Г., Авалуева Е.Б., Семенова Е.А., Орешко Л.С., Серкова М.Ю., Ситкин С.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bakulin I.G., Avalueva E.B., Semenova E.A., Оrеshkо L.S., Serkova M.Y., Sitkin S.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бакулин И.Г., Авалуева Е.Б., Семенова Е.А., Орешко Л.С., Серкова М.Ю., Ситкин С.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/1770">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/1770</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Food safety all over the world is largely dependent on production of grains that are cultivated in 60% of agricultural lands. Wheat is the main food for millions of people and one of the three most commonly cultivated grain cultures worldwide, along with corn and rice. Modern wheat is a product of gene engineering interventions aimed at increased productivity, yields, nutrient quota, and storage time, as well as immunogenic properties. However, the consumption of gluten, a proline and glutamine-rich wheat, rye and barley protein, triggers gluten-dependent disorders, such as celiac disease, wheat allergy, baker's asthma and wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. This group of disorders are curable provided the correct diagnosis has been made and strict lifelong gluten-free diet is implemented. Continuous patient's adherence to the gluten-free diet is associated with a number of medical and paramedical challenges, and the adherence level of the most compliant patients does not exceed 80%. The paper discuss other treatment strategies to improve the nutrition of people with gluten-sensitive disorders, in particular, the reduction grain gluten content, gluten sequestration in the gut before its digestion, prevention of gluten absorption and subsequent immune cell activation, and administration of tissue transglutaminase 2 inhibitors.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Безопасность питания во всем мире в значительной степени зависит от производства зерновых, которые выращиваются на 60% сельскохозяйственных угодий. Пшеница – основной продукт питания для миллионов людей, а также одна из трех зерновых культур (наряду с кукурузой и рисом), возделывание которых наиболее распространено в мире. Современная пшеница является продуктом генно-инженерных воздействий, направленных на повышение продуктивности, урожайности, квоты питательных веществ и продолжительности хранения, а также иммуногенных свойств. Но в то же время потребление глютена, богатого пролином и глутамином белка пшеницы, ржи и ячменя, способствует инициации глютен-зависимых заболеваний, таких как целиакия, аллергия на пшеницу, астма пекаря и зависимая от потребления пшеницы анафилаксия, вызванная физическими упражнениями. Заболевания данной группы излечимы при условии, что установлен правильный диагноз и внедрена строгая пожизненная безглютеновая диета. Постоянное поддержание пациентами безглютеновой диеты сопряжено с рядом медицинских и парамедицинских трудностей, а уровень комплаентности тех пациентов, кто ее придерживается, в целом не превышает 80%. В статье обсуждаются другие лечебные стратегии для улучшения питания людей с глютен-чувствительными заболеваниями, в частности, снижение иммуногенного содержания глютена в зерне, секвестрация глютена в просвете кишечника до его переваривания, предотвращение всасывания глютена и последующей активации иммунных клеток, использование ингибиторов тканевой трансглутаминазы 2.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>celiac disease</kwd><kwd>cereals</kwd><kwd>wheat</kwd><kwd>gluten-free diet</kwd><kwd>gluten</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>целиакия</kwd><kwd>злаковые культуры</kwd><kwd>пшеница</kwd><kwd>безглютеновая диета</kwd><kwd>глютен</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Khan K, Shewry PR, editors. Wheat: Chemistry and Technology. 4th ed. 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