Almanac of Clinical MedicineAlmanac of Clinical MedicineАльманах клинической медицины2072-05052587-9294Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)1755410.18786/2072-0505-2025-53-021REVIEW ARTICLEОБЗОРReview ArticleOptical coherence tomography in otolaryngology: current opportunities and perspectives for useОптическая когерентная томография в оториноларингологии: возможности и перспективы использованияhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5377-8858256468310003133-5958ShakhovaMariia A.ШаховаМария Андреевна
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Ear, Throat, and Nose Diseases named after Professor V.Yu. Shakhov; Research Fellow, Laboratory of Biophotonics

канд. мед. наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой болезней уха, горла и носа имени профессора В.Ю. Шахова; науч. сотр. лаборатории биофотоники

shahova_m@pimunn.nethttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-4651-0828FokeevVyacheslav A.ФокеевВячеслав Александрович
Russian Federation

Postgraduate Student, Department of Ear, Throat, and Nose Diseases named after Professor V.Yu. Shakhov; Junior Research Fellow, Laboratory of Biophotonics

аспирант кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа имени профессора В.Ю. Шахова; мл. науч. сотр. лаборатории биофотоники

s.fokeev1994@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7169-5266MellerAlina E.МеллерАлина Ефимовна
Russian Federation

Senior Teacher, Department of Ear, Throat, and Nose Diseases named after Professor V.Yu. Shakhov

ст. преподаватель кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа имени профессора В.Ю. Шахова

mellalina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8375-4064TerentyevaAnna B.ТерентьеваАнна Борисовна
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Ear, Throat, and Nose Diseases named after Professor V.Yu. Shakhov

канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа имени профессора В.Ю. Шахова

anna-t-nn@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6804-6369KirillinMikhail Y.КириллинМихаил Юрьевич
Russian Federation

PhD (in Phys.-Math.), Senior Research Fellow, Laboratory of Biophotonics

канд. физ.-мат. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории биофотоники

kirillin@ipfran.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5969-8066ShakhovAndrei V.ШаховАндрей Владимирович
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Ear, Throat, and Nose Diseases named after Professor V.Yu. Shakhov

д-р мед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа имени профессора В.Ю. Шахова

shakhovav54@yandex.ruPrivolzhsky Research Medical UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииFederal Research Center A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of SciencesФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт прикладной физики имени А.В. Гапонова-Грехова Российской академии наук»ФГБОУ ВО «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииPrivolzhsky Research Medical UniversityФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт прикладной физики имени А.В. Гапонова-Грехова Российской академии наук»Federal Research Center A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of SciencesФГБОУ ВО «Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииPrivolzhsky Research Medical University30112025131220255352682840111202513112025Copyright ©; 2025, Shakhova M.A., Fokeev V.A., Meller A.E., Terentyeva A.B., Kirillin M.Y., Shakhov A.V.Copyright ©; 2025, Шахова М.А., Фокеев В.А., Меллер А.Е., Терентьева А.Б., Кириллин М.Ю., Шахов А.В.2025Shakhova M.A., Fokeev V.A., Meller A.E., Terentyeva A.B., Kirillin M.Y., Shakhov A.V.Шахова М.А., Фокеев В.А., Меллер А.Е., Терентьева А.Б., Кириллин М.Ю., Шахов А.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/17554

The development of new strategies to treatment of ENT disorders makes it necessary to implement non-invasive diagnostic methods into clinical practice; these methods should be able to provide the information on the biological tissues and be applicable to the intra-operational use. The aim of this review is to summarize the data on the use of optical coherent tomography (OCT) in the otolaringology. This method gives two- and three-dimensional images of a biological tissue with resolution of 1 mcm up to the depth of 2 mm. The use of this method in the ENT practice is associated with the development of specialized OCT modifications and special probes, including those compatible with standard endoscopes and/or intraoperational microscopes. OCT diagnostics may proved unique information for the solution of the following clinical tasks: the differential diagnosis between tumours and non-tumours, including their early stages, assessment of particular pathomorphological characteristics in inflammatory disorders, monitoring of tissue response to treatment. The addition of OCT to standard diagnostic algorithms would facilitate an improvement in the differential diagnosis and optimisation of treatment choice in a number of clinically significant ENT disorders. Multi-mode OCT equipment which allow both structural and functional information, as well as machine learning methods for image interpretation is a promising area of the OCT techniques.

Разработка новых подходов к лечению ЛОР-заболеваний диктует необходимость внедрения в клиническую практику неинвазивных методов диагностики, способных предоставить информацию об исследуемых биотканях на тканевом уровне и пригодных для интраоперационного применения. Цель настоящего обзора – обобщение данных об использовании в оториноларингологии одного из методов оптической биомедицинской диагностики – оптической когерентной томографии (ОКТ). Эта методика позволяет получать дву- и трехмерные изображения биоткани с пространственным разрешением до 1 мкм на глубину до 2 мм. Применение метода в ЛОР-практике сопряжено с разработкой специализированных модификаций ОКТ и специальных зондов, в том числе совместимых со стандартными эндоскопами и/или интраоперационными микроскопами. ОКТ-диагностика может дать уникальную информацию в решении следующих клинических задач: дифференциальная диагностика неопухолевой и опухолевой патологии, в том числе на ранних стадиях, оценка особенностей патоморфологических характеристик при воспалительной патологии, мониторинг изменения тканей в ответ на терапию. Дополнение стандартных диагностических процедур ОКТ-исследованием будет способствовать улучшению дифференциальной диагностики и оптимизации выбора лечебной тактики в ряде клинически значимых ситуаций. Применение мультимодальных ОКТ-установок, позволяющих получать не только структурную, но и функциональную информацию об исследуемом объекте, а также методов машинного обучения при интерпретации изображений – перспективное направление развития технологии ОКТ.

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