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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1748</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2022-50-051</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Is an optimization of the use of proton pump inhibitors feasible in the real world medical practice?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возможна ли оптимизация применения ингибиторов протонной помпы в реальной врачебной практике?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khomeriki</surname><given-names>Natalia M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомерики</surname><given-names>Наталья Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Training Faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры гастроэнтерологии факультета усовершенствования врачей</p></bio><email>nataliakhomeriki@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khomeriki</surname><given-names>Sergey G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомерики</surname><given-names>Сергей Германович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Pathomorphology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед.наук ,профессор заведующий отдела инновационной патоморфологии</p></bio><email>xomep@mai.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Московский клинический научно-практический центр имени А.С. Логинова ДЗМ»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-12-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>50</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>357</fpage><lpage>366</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-10-31"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-19"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Khomeriki N.M., Khomeriki S.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Хомерики Н.М., Хомерики С.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khomeriki N.M., Khomeriki S.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хомерики Н.М., Хомерики С.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/1748">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/1748</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review deals with the data on negative health impact of prolonged and inadequate use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI). Since their advent at the end of 1980s, their worldwide use has been continuously increasing. However, up to 70% of PPI use is not based on clear indications. Inadequate treatment with PPI not complying with clinical guidelines results in a higher risk of adverse events, especially in the elderly. Prolonged (more than 8 weeks) intake of PPI increases the risk of osteoporotic fractures, promotes <italic>Clostridioides difficile</italic> infection and gut microbiota abnormalities, community-acquired pneumonia, vitamin B12 deficiency, renal disease, dementia, risk of gastric cancer, etc. Most potential side effects of PPI are the results of hypochlorhydria and reflex hypergastrinemia. The main safety principle for PPI is adherence to short duration of treatment and minimally effective doses. Rational strategies for safe and effective PPI treatment are supported by the evidence-based deprescribing in gastroesophageal reflux disease and include dose tapering or therapy “as needed” after the treatment course for a specific indication has been finished, or stopping the treatment in patients with no adequate indications to PPI administration. Increased awareness of medical personnel and patients on the proper PPI use and their side effects would make it possible to optimize the use of these agents in the real world medical practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре приведены данные о негативном влиянии на здоровье длительного и ненадлежащего применения ингибиторов протонной помпы (ИПП). С момента появления ИПП в конце 1980-х гг. их использование во всем мире неуклонно растет. Однако число назначений ИПП без четких показаний составляет до 70% случаев. Ненадлежащий прием ИПП (вразрез с клиническими рекомендациями) приводит к увеличению риска развития нежелательных явлений, особенно у людей пожилого и старческого возраста. Длительное (более 8 недель) применение ИПП повышает риск остеопоротических переломов, приводит к развитию инфекции <italic>Clostridioides difficile</italic> и изменению микробиоты организма, вызывает внебольничную пневмонию, возникновение дефицита витамина B12, заболевание почек, деменцию, повышает риск развития рака желудка и др. Большинство потенциальных побочных эффектов ИПП – следствие гипохлоргидрии и рефлекторной гипергастринемии. Главным принципом безопасности ИПП считается соблюдение коротких сроков их применения в минимально эффективных дозах. Рациональные подходы к безопасной и эффективной терапии ИПП опираются на доказательную базу депрескрайбинга при гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни и включают снижение дозы препарата или использование терапии «по требованию» после завершения курса лечения по конкретному показанию, либо прекращение приема препарата у пациентов с отсутствием адекватных показаний к лечению ИПП. Повышение осведомленности медработников и пациентов о правильном использовании ИПП и знание о побочных эффектах терапии позволят оптимизировать применение данных препаратов в реальной врачебной практике.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>proton pump inhibitors</kwd><kwd>side effects</kwd><kwd>hypochlorhydria</kwd><kwd>hypergastrinemia</kwd><kwd>gastric cancer</kwd><kwd>deprescribing</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ингибиторы протонной помпы</kwd><kwd>побочные эффекты</kwd><kwd>гипохлоргидрия</kwd><kwd>гипергастринемия</kwd><kwd>рак желудка</kwd><kwd>депрескрайбинг</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Strand DS, Kim D, Peura DA. 25 years of proton pump inhibitors: A comprehensive review. 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