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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17240</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2024-52-015</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Mental disorders of the depressive and anxiety spectrum in neuroendocrine tumors: prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical particulars</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Психические расстройства депрессивного и тревожного спектра при нейроэндокринных опухолях: распространенность, патогенез, клинические особенности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7595-1239</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyago</surname><given-names>Oleg O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коляго</surname><given-names>Олег Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Psychiatrist, Head of the Department of Psychotherapeutic Assistance; Senior Research Fellow, Department for the Study of Endogenous Mental Disorders and Affective States</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, зав. отделом психотерапевтической помощи, ст. науч. сотр. отдела по изучению эндогенных психических расстройств и аффективных состояний</p></bio><email>olegkolyago@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2592-1388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Munirova</surname><given-names>Adele A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мунирова</surname><given-names>Адэля Айдаровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Psychiatrist, Department of Psychotherapeutic Assistance; Junior Research Fellow, Department for the Study of Endogenous Mental Disorders and Affective States</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-психиатр отдела психотерапевтической помощи, мл. науч. сотр. отдела по изучению эндогенных психических расстройств и аффективных состояний</p></bio><email>adele@munirova.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9532-7150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Stanislav V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Станислав Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Chief Research Fellow, Department for the Study of Borderline Mental Pathology and Psychosomatic Disorders; Professor, Chair of Psychiatry and Psychosomatics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, гл. науч. сотр. отдела по изучению пограничной психической патологии и психосоматических расстройств, профессор кафедры психиатрии и психосоматики</p></bio><email>stanislvi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-1166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stilidi</surname><given-names>Ivan S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стилиди</surname><given-names>Иван Сократович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Member of Russ. Acad. Sci., Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН, директор</p></bio><email>info@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mental Health Research Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья» Минобрнауки России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-08-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>52</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>178</fpage><lpage>187</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-05"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-07-17"><day>17</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Kolyago O.O., Munirova A.A., Ivanov S.V., Stilidi I.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Коляго О.О., Мунирова А.А., Иванов С.В., Стилиди И.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolyago O.O., Munirova A.A., Ivanov S.V., Stilidi I.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коляго О.О., Мунирова А.А., Иванов С.В., Стилиди И.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/17240">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/17240</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a heterogeneous group of slowly progressing tumors from neuroendocrine cells able to secrete biologically active substances. The most striking clinical manifestation of functioning NETs is the carcinoid syndrome, which is caused by serotonin overproduction and is most often associated with hot flashes, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. The prevalence of depressive and anxiety spectrum disorders in NETs patients can amount to 30–50%. The development of depressive and anxiety spectrum disorders in NETs can occur both through a nosogenic mechanism facilitated by a long pre-diagnostic stage, the presence of a serious disease with severe somatic symptoms and resulting significant decrease in quality of life. The mental disorders may be a result of somatogenic factors, which include an imbalance of significant mediators in the central nervous system (in particular, serotonin), as well as chronic inflammation and abnormalities of the body's immune defense. In the treatment of patients with NETs and verified anxiety and depressive disorders, special attention is paid to the safety of prescribing the first-line therapy, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The side effects of these agents are related to the activity of serotonin receptor agonists in the gut, which results in diarrhea and increased gastrointestinal motility, the symptoms similar to the carcinoid syndrome manifestations. The accumulated evidence allows concluding on the relative safety of serotoninergic antidepressants in NETs patients, but does not exclude some groups of patients with an increased risk of complications related to an additional effect on serotonin metabolism. Current knowledge on the prevalence, pathogenesis and treatment of depressive and anxiety spectrum disorders, comorbid to NETs, are limited and contradictory. Therefore, further studies with a larger patient samples are required to identify key factors of the pathophysiology and manifestation of mental disorders in NETs patients, which would generally facilitate the optimization of their treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Нейроэндокринные опухоли (НЭО) составляют гетерогенную группу медленно прогрессирующих опухолей, происходящих из нейроэндокринных клеток и способных секретировать биологически активные вещества. Наиболее яркое клиническое проявление функционирующих НЭО – карциноидный синдром, который обусловлен гиперпродукцией серотонина и обычно сопровождается приливами, диареей, абдоминальной болью. У пациентов с НЭО частота психических расстройств депрессивного и тревожного спектра достигает 30–50%. Развитие расстройств депрессивного и тревожного спектра при НЭО может происходить по нозогенному механизму, чему способствуют длительный диагностический этап, наличие серьезного заболевания с тяжелыми соматическими симптомами и последующим снижением качества жизни. Психические расстройства могут возникать в результате действия соматогенных факторов, к которым относятся дисбаланс значимых медиаторов в центральной нервной системе (в частности, серотонина), а также хроническое воспаление и нарушения иммунной защиты организма. При лечении пациентов с НЭО, у которых верифицированы тревожные и депрессивные расстройства, особое внимание уделяется вопросу безопасности назначения первой линии терапии – селективных ингибиторов обратного захвата серотонина. Побочные эффекты этих препаратов связаны с активностью агонистов рецепторов серотонина в кишечнике, что вызывает диарею и усиление моторики желудочно-кишечного тракта – симптомы, подобные проявлениям карциноидного синдрома. Накопленные данные позволяют судить об относительной безопасности серотонинергических антидепрессантов у пациентов с НЭО, но не исключают группы больных с повышенным риском осложнений, связанных с дополнительным влиянием на обмен серотонина. Современные представления о распространенности, патогенезе и лечении расстройств депрессивного и тревожного спектра, коморбидных НЭО, имеют ограниченный и противоречивый характер. В связи с этим целесообразно проведение исследований на больших выборках пациентов для выявления ключевых факторов патогенеза и манифестации психических расстройств у больных НЭО, что в целом будет способствовать оптимизации лечебного процесса.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>anxiety disorders</kwd><kwd>neuroendocrine tumor</kwd><kwd>mental disorders</kwd><kwd>serotonin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>тревожные расстройства</kwd><kwd>нейроэндокринная опухоль</kwd><kwd>психические расстройства</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Modlin IM, Oberg K, Chung DC, Jensen RT, de Herder WW, Thakker RV, Caplin M, Delle Fave G, Kaltsas GA, Krenning EP, Moss SF, Nilsson O, Rindi G, Salazar R, Ruszniewski P, Sundin A. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. 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