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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17220</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2024-52-006</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The <italic>LGALS1</italic> gene polymorphism is not associated with galectin-1 levels in tumor tissue and blood of colon cancer patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Полиморфизм гена <italic>LGALS1</italic> не связан с cодержанием галектина-1 в опухолевой ткани и крови у больных раком толстой кишки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-8879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Urazova</surname><given-names>Olga I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уразова</surname><given-names>Ольга Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Corr. Member of Russ. Acad. Sci., Head of Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of General Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН, заведующая кафедрой патофизиологии лечебного факультета</p></bio><email>urazova.oi@ssmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3148-0900</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reyngardt</surname><given-names>Gleb V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рейнгардт</surname><given-names>Глеб Вадимович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Professor, Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of General Medicine; Oncologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры патофизиологии лечебного факультета, врач-онколог</p></bio><email>glebreyngardt@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7156-2471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolobovnikova</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колобовникова</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of General Medicine; Head of Chair of Hominal Physiology, Medical Biological Faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры патофизиологии лечебного факультета, заведующая кафедрой нормальной физиологии медико-биологического факультета</p></bio><email>kolobovnikova.julia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3210-0298</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurnosenko</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курносенко</surname><given-names>Анна Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of General Medicine; Oncologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры патофизиологии лечебного факультета, врач-онколог</p></bio><email>a.v.kurnosenko@tomonco.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2005-305X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poletika</surname><given-names>Vadim S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полетика</surname><given-names>Вадим Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of General Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры патофизиологии лечебного факультета</p></bio><email>vpoletika@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-4533</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasil'yeva</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Ольгa Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Pathophysiology, Faculty of General Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры патофизиологии лечебного факультета</p></bio><email>vasiljeva-24@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7301-7581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Avgustinovich</surname><given-names>Aleksandra V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Августинович</surname><given-names>Александра Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Senior Research Fellow, Department of Abdominal Oncology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отделения абдоминальной онкологии</p></bio><email>aov862@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Siberian State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tomsk Regional Oncology Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ОГАУЗ «Томский областной онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Cancer Research Institute, branch of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт онкологии – филиал ФГБНУ «Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-04-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>52</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>170</fpage><lpage>177</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-02-09"><day>09</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-04"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Urazova O.I., Reyngardt G.V., Kolobovnikova Y.V., Kurnosenko A.V., Poletika V.S., Vasil'yeva O.A., Avgustinovich A.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Уразова О.И., Рейнгардт Г.В., Колобовникова Ю.В., Курносенко А.В., Полетика В.С., Васильева О.А., Августинович А.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Urazova O.I., Reyngardt G.V., Kolobovnikova Y.V., Kurnosenko A.V., Poletika V.S., Vasil'yeva O.A., Avgustinovich A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Уразова О.И., Рейнгардт Г.В., Колобовникова Ю.В., Курносенко А.В., Полетика В.С., Васильева О.А., Августинович А.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/17220">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/17220</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>: Galectin-1 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The blood and tumoral levels of galectin-1 could be dependent on the polymorphism of the promotor region of <italic>LGALS1</italic> gene.</p> <p><bold>Aim</bold>: To analyze an association between galectin-1 levels in tumor tissue and plasma and the genotype of the rs4820293 and rs4820294 polymorphisms of the <italic>LGALS1</italic> gene in CRC patients.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>: The study included a total of 70 inpatients with pathologically verified CRC (International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes C18-C20, 39 men and 31 women, mean age 65.4 ± 5.7 years), who were receiving treatment in the Tomsk Regional Oncology Center and Cancer Research Institute of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center from 2020 to 2022. The control group consisted of 70 healthy volunteers (34 men and 36 women, mean age 62.3 ± 7.2 years). Venous blood samples were taken from all study participants and tumor tissue samples were obtained from the CRC patients. Galectin-1 expression in the tumor tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry and plasma galectin-1 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The <italic>LGALS1</italic> gene polymorphisms rs4820293 and rs4820294 were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.</p> <p><bold>Results</bold>: The distributions of genotype and allele frequencies of polymorphic variants rs4820293 and rs4820294 of the <italic>LGALS1</italic> gene in the CRC patients and in the healthy donors were comparable (p &gt; 0.05). Calculation of odds ratios did not confirm any association between <italic>LGALS1</italic> gene polymorphisms and CRC. However, the rs4820294 polymorphism had a strong association with regional metastasis and tumor differentiation grade (Cramer's V above 0.4, p &lt; 0.001). The plasma galectin-1 levels in the CRC patients with the AA genotype of the rs4820294 polymorphism were higher than in the healthy carriers (17.42 versus 12.92 ng/ml, p = 0.040). However, there were no significant differences in the content of galectin-1+ cells in the tumor and galectin-1 in plasma of the CRC patients depending on the genotype of the <italic>LGALS1</italic> gene polymorphisms (p &gt; 0.05).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion</bold>: The <italic>LGALS1</italic> gene polymorphism is not associated with CRC, but in the carriers of the rs4820294 variant is related to clinical and morphological parameters of the tumor process. The intratumoral expression and blood levels of galectin-1 in CRC patients are not dependent on the genotype of rs4820293 and rs4820294 polymorphisms of the <italic>LGALS1</italic> gene.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность</bold>. Важную роль в патогенезе рака толстой кишки (РТК) играет галектин-1, содержание которого в крови и опухоли может зависеть от полиморфизма промоторной области гена <italic>LGALS1</italic>.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> – проанализировать зависимость содержания галектина-1 в ткани опухоли и плазме крови от генотипа полиморфных вариантов rs4820293 и rs4820294 гена <italic>LGALS1</italic> у больных РТК.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы</bold>. Обследованы 70 пациентов с морфологически верифицированным диагнозом РТК (код по Международной классификации болезней 10-го пересмотра С18–С20) – 39 мужчин и 31 женщина (средний возраст 65,4 ± 5,7 года), находившиеся на стационарном лечении в ОГАУЗ «ТООД» (г. Томск) и НИИ онкологии Томского НИМЦ в период с 2020 по 2022 г. Контрольную группу составили 70 здоровых добровольцев – 34 мужчины и 36 женщин (средний возраст 62,3 ± 7,2 года). Материалом исследования была венозная кровь и (у больных РТК) образцы опухолевой ткани. Экспрессию галектина-1 в опухоли определяли иммуногистохимическим методом, концентрацию галектина-1 в плазме крови – иммуноферментным методом. Полиморфные варианты rs4820293 и rs4820294 гена <italic>LGALS1</italic> определяли с помощью анализа полиморфизма длин рестрикционных фрагментов.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Распределение частоты генотипов и аллелей полиморфных вариантов rs4820293 и rs4820294 гена <italic>LGALS1</italic> у больных РТК и здоровых доноров было сопоставимым (р &gt; 0,05). Анализ величины отношения шансов не подтвердил связь между полиморфными вариантами гена <italic>LGALS1</italic> и развитием РТК. При этом у носителей полиморфизма rs4820294 имелась сильная связь с регионарным метастазированием и степенью дифференцировки опухоли (значение критерия V Крамера более 0,4 при р &lt; 0,001). Плазменная концентрация галектина-1 у больных РТК с генотипом АА полиморфизма rs4820294 оказалась выше, чем у здоровых носителей (17,42 против 12,92 нг/мл, р = 0,040). Однако статистически значимых различий по содержанию галектин-1-положительных клеток в опухоли и галектина-1 в плазме крови у пациентов с РТК в зависимости от генотипа полиморфных вариантов гена <italic>LGALS1</italic> не выявлено (р &gt; 0,05).</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Полиморфизм гена <italic>LGALS1</italic> не связан с развитием РТК, однако у носителей варианта rs4820294 имеется связь с клинико-морфологическими параметрами опухолевого процесса. Внутриопухолевая экспрессия галектина-1 и содержание галектина-1 в крови у пациентов с РТК не зависят от генотипа полиморфных вариантов rs4820293 и rs4820294 гена <italic>LGALS1</italic>.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>galectin-1</kwd><kwd>genetic polymorphism</kwd><kwd>LGALS1 gene</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак толстой кишки</kwd><kwd>галектин-1</kwd><kwd>генетический полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>ген LGALS</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Совет по грантам Президента Российской Федерации для государственной поддержки молодых российских ученых</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Grant Council of the President of the Russian Federation for the state assistance to young Russian researchers</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>МД-2788.2019.7</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. 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