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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Almanac of Clinical Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Альманах клинической медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-0505</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9294</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1261</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18786/2072-0505-2020-48-019</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Diagnosis of small airway dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диагностика дисфункции малых дыхательных путей у пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2001-5504</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherniak</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняк</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Cherniak - MD, PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Functional and Ultrasonic Research Methods.</p><p>28 Orekhovyy bul’var, Moscow, 115682, Tel.: +7 (917) 550 06 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черняк Александр Владимирович - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией функциональных и ультразвуковых методов исследования.</p><p>115682, Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28, Тел.: +7 (917) 550 06 34</p></bio><email>achi2000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-4990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savushkina</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савушкина</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga I. Savushkina - PhD (in Biol.), Head of Department of Lung Function Testing, Center of Functional Diagnostic Investigations.</p><p>3 Gospital’naya ploshchad’, Moscow, 105094</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савушкина Ольга Игоревна - кандидат биологических наук, заведующая отделением исследований функции внешнего дыхания Центра функциональнодиагностических исследований.</p><p>105094, Москва, Госпитальная пл., 3</p></bio><email>olga-savushkina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashkova</surname><given-names>T. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашкова</surname><given-names>Т. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana L. Pashkova - MD, PhD, Senior Research Fellow, Laboratory of Functional and Ultrasonic Research Methods.</p><p>28 Orekhovyy bul'var, Moscow, 115682</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пашкова Татьяна Леонидовна - кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория функциональных и ультразвуковых методов исследования.</p><p>115682, г. Москва, Ореховый бульвар, 28</p></bio><email>tanya.pashkova.33@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-1936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюков</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy V. Kryukov - MD, PhD, Professor, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Head.</p><p>3 Gospital’naya ploshchad’, Moscow, 105094</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крюков Евгений Владимирович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, начальник.</p><p>105094, Москва, Госпитальная пл., 3</p></bio><email>evgeniy.md@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии ФМБА России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ Главный военный клинический госпиталь имени академика Н.Н. Бурденко Минобороны России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>48</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>307</fpage><lpage>315</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Cherniak A.V., Savushkina O.I., Pashkova T.L., Kryukov E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Черняк А.В., Савушкина О.И., Пашкова Т.Л., Крюков Е.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Cherniak A.V., Savushkina O.I., Pashkova T.L., Kryukov E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черняк А.В., Савушкина О.И., Пашкова Т.Л., Крюков Е.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/1261">https://almclinmed.ru/jour/article/view/1261</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>: Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is a functional hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, SAD prevalence and its role in COPD pathophysiology are not yet sufficiently studied.</p><p><bold>Background:</bold> Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is a functional hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, SAD prevalence and its role in COPD pathophysiology are not yet sufficiently studied.</p><p><bold>Aim:</bold> To assess the prevalence of SAD in COPD patients by various functional diagnostic methods, such as spirometry, body plethysmography, and impulse oscillometry (IOS).</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>: This was an cross-sectional study. Spirometry, body plethysmography and IOS were used in 132 COPD patients in remission under standard anti-COPD treatments. The presence of SAD was confirmed by at least one of the following criteria or their combination: 1) by spirometry: the difference between vital capacity (VC) and forced vital capacity (FVC) &gt; 10%; 2) the presence of air trapping by body plethysmography; 3) identification of the frequency dependence of the resistive resistance at 5 to 20 Hz (R5 - R20 &gt; 0.07 kPa x s/l), as assessed by IOS.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> Mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was 42.9% of predicted. Depending on the severity of the obstruction, the patients were divided into 4 groups: 7 patients (group 1) had the obstruction corresponding to GOLD 1 stage, 37 (group 2) to GOLD 2, 49 (group 3) to GOLD 3, and 39 (group 4) to GOLD 4. SAD was found in 96% of COPD patients, whereas in those with severe obstruction (GOLD 3-4), it was present in 100% of the cases. By spirometry, SAD was identified only in 67% of COPD patients, by body plethysmography in 75% of COPD patients (in those with severe obstruction (GOLD 3 and 4) in 88 and 97%, respectively). With IOS, it was possible to identify SAD in 94% of patients and in 100% of those with severe obstruction (GOLD 3-4).</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> With deterioration of obstructive pulmonary ventilation abnormalities in COPD patients, there is a progressive increase in small airway dysfunction. Impulse oscillometry seems to be the most effective method for diagnosis of small airway dysfunction, as it helped to identify SAD in 94% of COPD patients and in 100% of those with severe and very severe obstruction.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность.</bold> Дисфункция малых дыхательных путей (ДМДП) - функциональный признак хронической обструктивной болезни легких (ХОБЛ). Однако распространенность ДМДП и ее роль в патофизиологических процессах при ХОБЛ изучена недостаточно.</p><p><bold>Цель</bold> - оценить распространенность ДМДП у пациентов с ХОБЛ с помощью различных методов функциональной диагностики: спирометрии, бодиплетизмографии, импульсной осциллометрии (ИОС).</p><p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> Дизайн исследования -обсервационное поперечное. Спирометрия, бодиплетизмография и ИОС выполнены 132 пациентам с ХОБЛ, находящимся в состоянии ремиссии и получающим стандартное лечение ХОБЛ. Заключение о наличии ДМДП делали на основании выявления одного из следующих критериев или их комбинации: 1) по спирометрии: разница между жизненной емкостью легких (ЖЕЛ) и форсированной жизненной емкостью легких (ФЖЕЛ) &gt; 10%; 2) наличие воздушных ловушек по данным бодиплетизмографии; 3) наличие частотной зависимости резистивного сопротивления при частоте осцилляций 5 и 20 Гц (R5 - R20 &gt; 0,07 кПа х с/л) по данным ИОС.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Среднее значение объема форсированного выдоха за 1 секунду (ОФВ1) составило 42,9% должного. В зависимости от степени тяжести обструкции пациенты были разделены на 4 группы: у 7 пациентов (1-я группа) обструктивные нарушения соответствовали стадии GOLD 1, у 37 (2-я группа) - стадии GOLD 2, у 49 (3-я группа) - стадии GOLD 3 и у 39 (4-я группа) - стадии GOLD 4. ДМДП выявлена у 96% пациентов с ХОБЛ и у 100% больных с тяжелой обструкцией (стадии GOLD 3-4). С помощью спирометрии ДМДП определена только у 67% пациентов с ХОБЛ; бодиплетизмографии - у 75% пациентов с ХОБЛ (у пациентов со стадией GOLD 3 и 4 - у 88 и 97% соответственно); ИОС - у 94% пациентов с ХОБЛ (у пациентов со стадией GOLD 3-4 - в 100% случаев).</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Для пациентов с ХОБЛ по мере нарастания обструктивных нарушений легочной вентиляции характерно прогрессирующее увеличение дисфункции периферических отделов дыхательных путей. Импульсная осциллометрия представляется наиболее эффективным методом диагностики дисфункции периферических отделов дыхательных путей, так как с ее помощью ДМДП была выявлена у 94% пациентов с ХОБЛ в целом по группе и у 100% пациентов с тяжелой и очень тяжелой степенью обструктивных нарушений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>small airway dysfunction</kwd><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>impulse oscillometry</kwd><kwd>spirometry</kwd><kwd>body plethysmography</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дисфункция малых дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>импульсная осциллометрия</kwd><kwd>спирометрия</kwd><kwd>бодиплетизмография</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.	Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ) [Интернет]. 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